Why is my baby crying? A paediatrician's guide
If you’re reading this I want you to know that I’ve been where you are. My own baby went through a long stretch of what's sometimes called the 'Period of PURPLE Crying': weeks of inconsolable crying that no amount of feeding, rocking, or shushing could help. I remember driving loops around the suburb at midnight because movement was the only thing that helped, and pulling back into the driveway dreading the moment the engine stopped. I felt incompetent, desperate, and utterly exhausted in a way I hadn't known was possible. If that's where you are right now, I want you to hear this from someone who has sat in that driver's seat: it is not a reflection of your parenting, it is not permanent, and you are not alone.
Crying is your baby's first language and learning to understand it is one of the most normal challenges of new parenthood. Here's what the evidence actually tells us.
How much crying is normal?
In the first few weeks of life, most babies cry for around 1–2 hours a day. This typically increases often peaking at around 6 weeks of age, then gradually settles by 3–4 months.
Reassurance: The 6-week peak is well-documented and completely normal. It doesn't mean something is wrong, it means your baby is on track.
Why is my baby crying? Common reasons
Babies cry to communicate. Hunger is the most common reason, but there are several others to work through:
Hungry: feeding cues include rooting, sucking fists, and turning the head. Crying is actually a late hunger signal.
Tired or overstimulated: too much activity or noise can overwhelm a young baby. A calm, dark room often helps.
Uncomfortable: a dirty nappy, wind, or clothing that's too tight or too warm. Check the basics first. Check fingers and toes to make sure there are no hair tourniquets wrapped around them.
Wants comfort: babies have a genuine need for closeness and physical contact. Responding to this won't spoil them.
Unwell: a sick cry often sounds different, more high-pitched or weak. Trust your instincts here.
What is colic and is my baby's crying "too much"?
Colic is a term used when an otherwise healthy baby cries for more than 3 hours a day, more than 3 days a week, for more than 3 weeks. It affects around 1 in 5 babies.
The cause isn't fully understood. It's not caused by poor parenting, overfeeding, or something you're doing wrong. Research hasn't shown a clear role for formula changes, lactose intolerance, or routine probiotic use for most babies though your paediatrician may explore these with you if symptoms are significant.
The good news: Colic almost always resolves on its own by 3–4 months of age, with no lasting effects for babies or families.
Should I respond every time my baby cries?
In the first 3–6 months, the current evidence strongly supports responding promptly to your baby's crying. This builds trust, supports secure attachment, and does not create "bad habits."
You cannot spoil a young baby by picking them up. Consistently responding to distress with warmth and calm is associated with better emotional regulation outcomes in later childhood.
Evidence base: This is supported by the AAP, RACP, and attachment research going back decades. Responsiveness in infancy is protective, not permissive.
When should I be concerned? Red flags to watch for
Most crying is normal but some signs warrant a prompt call to your paediatrician or GP:
- high pitched or unusual cry
- crying with fever (fever <3 months: always see a Doctor)
- Not settling at all
- Refusing feeds
- Non-blanching rash
- lethargic or pale
- not interested in the world around them
- Less fluid intake, less wet nappies
Always trust your gut. If something feels different or wrong about your baby's cry, seek advice. You know your baby better than anyone.
What can I try to soothe my baby?
There's no single solution, and what works changes as your baby grows. Evidence-supported strategies include:
Skin-to-skin contact: especially effective in newborns; reduces cortisol and heart rate.
Rhythmic movement: gentle rocking, swaying, or a pram walk. Babies are accustomed to movement from the womb.
White noise: consistent background sound mimics the womb environment. Keep it no louder than a shower (around 65dB).
Feeding: even if not due, a feed may be exactly what's needed, especially with growth spurts.
Reducing stimulation: dim lights, quiet environment, less people and noise.
Safe to put down: If you're overwhelmed, it's always safe to place your baby in their cot and take a moment to breathe. It is safer to leave a crying baby in a cot than get more and more overwhelmed. An overwhelmed parent is a risk. Placing a baby in a cot while you take a few moments to decompress is safe.
What about my wellbeing?
Persistent crying is one of the most common triggers for parental distress, postnatal anxiety, and postnatal depression. This is real, recognised, and not something to push through alone.
If you're finding it hard to cope, feeling overwhelmed, or having intrusive thoughts, please reach out to your GP, maternal health nurse, or a trusted person. Getting support is a strength, not a failure.
PANDA Helpline (Australia): 1300 726 306 · Parentline: 13 22 89
A note from Base Kids: This post reflects current evidence and guidelines from the Royal Australasian College of Physicians, American Academy of Pediatrics, and published infant crying research. It is general information only, your paediatrician, GP and child health nurse can offer personalised guidance for your baby's specific situation.
Take care, you are doing a wonderful job.
Dr Claire
Paediatrician and Founder, Base Kids